In ethical decision-making, which step should occur first?

• A. Identify the problem using a quick gut check.
• B. Identify the problem, gather facts, consider alternatives, assess risks and benefits, consult supervisors, and choose an action aligned with ethics and client welfare.
• C. Bypass supervision to speed decisions.
• D. Only consider legal requirements.

Answer: (D)

The first step in ethical decision-making is identifying the problem and the ethical issue at stake. Pinpointing what needs to be decided and which ethical principles apply sets the foundation for a careful, deliberate process rather than jumping to a quick solution. Once the issue is clearly identified, you then follow a structured sequence: gather relevant facts, consider feasible alternatives, assess the risks and benefits, consult with supervisors or colleagues as needed, and choose an action that is aligned with ethics and prioritizes client welfare. Relying on a gut check can overlook important details; bypassing supervision removes a crucial accountability checkpoint; and focusing only on legal requirements can miss ethical obligations that extend beyond the law. By starting with identifying the problem and the ethical issue, you ensure the decision is rooted in ethical considerations and client well-being, then proceed through the full, collaborative decision-making steps.